SSH (Secure Shell) is a protocol for secure remote login and shell access over the internet. It is widely used for system administration, remote file transfer, and tunneling of systems. In this article, we will discuss step-by-step instructions on how to install SSH server on Ubuntu 16.04 with code examples.
Step 1: Updating The Installed Packages
Before installing SSH server, you need to ensure that all the installed packages are up-to-date. To do this, run the following command in the terminal:
sudo apt-get update
After running this command, the terminal will start updating the package lists.
Step 2: Installing The SSH Server
Once the package list is updated, you can proceed with the installation of the SSH server by running the following command:
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
Enter your password when prompted and the installation process will begin. This command installs the OpenSSH server package, which is the most widely used SSH server on Ubuntu Linux.
Step 3: Configuring The Firewall
If you have a firewall installed on your Ubuntu system, you need to configure it to allow SSH traffic. By default, the SSH protocol uses port 22. Run the following command to open port 22 in the firewall:
sudo ufw allow ssh
This command should output a message saying that the firewall has been successfully configured.
Step 4: Checking The SSH Server Status
To check whether the SSH server is running or not, run the following command in the terminal:
sudo systemctl status ssh
If the service is active and running, you should see the output as follows:
● ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/ssh.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-11-25 10:08:52 CST; 15min ago
Step 5: Testing The SSH Server
Now that the SSH server is installed and configured, you can test it by connecting to it from another machine. To do this, you need to know the IP address of the Ubuntu system. Run the following command to get the IP address:
ifconfig
Look for the IP address of the network interface that you are using to connect to the internet.
Once you have the IP address, you can connect to the SSH server using a terminal software like PuTTY on Windows or Terminal on macOS. Use the following command to connect to the SSH server:
ssh <username>@<IP address>
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If this is the first time you are connecting to the SSH server, you will be prompted to verify the authenticity of the host by comparing the fingerprint of the SSH key. After verifying the key, you will be asked to enter the password for the user account. Enter the password and you should be logged in to the Ubuntu system through SSH.
Conclusion
In this article, we discussed step-by-step instructions for installing the SSH server on Ubuntu 16.04 with code examples. We also saw how to configure the firewall, check the SSH server status, and test the SSH server by connecting to it from another machine. With SSH server installed, you can easily manage your Ubuntu system remotely with a secure and encrypted connection.
I would like to expand on the previous topics covered in the article.
Step 1: Updating The Installed Packages
Updating the package lists is essential before installing any package on Ubuntu 16.04 or any other Linux distribution. The package lists contain information on the available software packages and their versions. Running the "sudo apt-get update" command updates the package lists to the latest version available on the Ubuntu software repositories.
Step 2: Installing The SSH Server
The installation process of the SSH server is straightforward. Running the "sudo apt-get install openssh-server" command installs the OpenSSH server package, which provides secure remote login and shell access to the Ubuntu system.
Step 3: Configuring The Firewall
A firewall is a network security system that controls and monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic. Ubuntu Linux comes with a built-in firewall called Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW).
Running the "sudo ufw allow ssh" command allows incoming SSH traffic on port 22, which is the default port used by the SSH protocol.
Step 4: Checking The SSH Server Status
The command "sudo systemctl status ssh" displays the status of the SSH server service. If the service is running, it means that the SSH server is ready to accept incoming SSH connections.
Step 5: Testing The SSH Server
Testing the SSH server is important to ensure that it can be accessed from a remote machine. Usually, SSH clients like PuTTY or Terminal are used to connect to the SSH server. When the connection is established, a secure remote login and shell access can be achieved through the SSH protocol.
Conclusion
SSH is an important protocol for managing Linux systems remotely. It provides secure and encrypted communication between the client and server. By installing the SSH server on Ubuntu 16.04, we can easily manage our Ubuntu system remotely, without physical access to the system. The steps outlined in this article provide a simple and effective way to install and configure the SSH server on Ubuntu 16.04, with code examples to help users easily follow along.
Popular questions
- What is SSH and why is it important?
SSH stands for Secure Shell and is a protocol for secure remote login and shell access over the internet. It is important for managing Linux systems remotely as it provides secure and encrypted communication between the client and server.
- What is the command to update the package list before installing any package on Ubuntu 16.04?
The command to update the package list is "sudo apt-get update".
- What is the default port used by the SSH protocol?
The default port used by the SSH protocol is port 22.
- What is the command to check the status of the SSH server service?
The command to check the status of the SSH server service is "sudo systemctl status ssh".
- How can we test the SSH server after installing it on Ubuntu 16.04?
We can test the SSH server by connecting to it from another machine using an SSH client like PuTTY or Terminal. Use the command "ssh
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