Installing Python 3.7 on CentOS is a relatively simple process that can be done through the command line. In this article, we will go through the steps of installing Python 3.7 on a CentOS 7 system, as well as provide some code examples to help you get started.
Before we begin, it's important to note that the default version of Python that comes with a fresh installation of CentOS 7 is version 2.7. In order to use the latest version of Python, we will need to install it manually.
Step 1: Update the System
The first step in installing Python 3.7 on CentOS is to update the system. This can be done by running the following command:
sudo yum update
This command will update all of the packages on your system, ensuring that you have the latest versions of everything.
Step 2: Install the Development Tools
In order to install Python 3.7 on CentOS, we will need to have the development tools installed. These tools can be installed by running the following command:
sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
This command will install a variety of tools that are necessary for building and compiling software on your system.
Step 3: Download the Python 3.7 Source Code
The next step is to download the source code for Python 3.7. This can be done by running the following command:
curl -O https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
This will download the source code for Python 3.7.0 to your current working directory.
Step 4: Extract the Python 3.7 Source Code
Once the source code has been downloaded, we need to extract it. This can be done by running the following command:
tar xvf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
This will extract the source code into a directory called Python-3.7.0.
Step 5: Build and Install Python 3.7
Now that the source code has been extracted, we can build and install Python 3.7. To do this, we will need to navigate to the Python-3.7.0 directory and run the following commands:
cd Python-3.7.0
./configure
make
sudo make install
The first command will navigate to the Python-3.7.0 directory, the second command will configure the build, the third command will build Python, and the fourth command will install it. This process may take a while depending on your system.
Step 6: Verify the Installation
Once the installation is complete, we can verify that it was successful by running the following command:
python3.7 --version
This command should return the version of Python that was just installed (3.7.0 in this example).
Now that Python 3.7 is installed on your CentOS system, you can start using it to write and run your Python scripts. Here is a simple example of a Python script that prints "Hello, World!" to the console:
print("Hello, World!")
You can save this script to a file with a .py extension and run it using the python3.7 command.
python3.7 script.py
In this article, we have covered the process
Installing Additional Python Packages:
Once Python is installed, you may need to install additional packages for your specific use case. Python packages can be installed using the pip package manager, which is included with Python 3.7. You can install packages by running the following command:
pip3.7 install <package-name>
For example, if you want to install the popular NumPy package, you would run:
pip3.7 install numpy
You can also install multiple packages at once by separating them with spaces:
pip3.7 install numpy pandas matplotlib
You can also install packages from a requirements file, which is a text file containing a list of packages and their versions. The format is one package per line. You can create a requirements file by running the following command:
pip3.7 freeze > requirements.txt
Then you can install the packages listed in the requirements file by running:
pip3.7 install -r requirements.txt
Using Virtual Environments:
When working on multiple projects, it is often useful to keep the dependencies for each project isolated from one another. Virtual environments are a way to create isolated Python environments that allow you to install packages and run scripts without interfering with other projects.
One popular tool for creating virtual environments is virtualenv. You can install virtualenv by running the following command:
pip3.7 install virtualenv
Once virtualenv is installed, you can create a new virtual environment by running the following command:
virtualenv <environment-name>
This will create a new directory with the specified name that contains a copy of the Python interpreter and a copy of the pip package manager. To activate the virtual environment, you can run the following command:
source <environment-name>/bin/activate
This will change the prompt to indicate that you are in the virtual environment and you can now install packages or run scripts without interfering with other projects. To exit the virtual environment, you can run the command:
deactivate
In addition to virtualenv, other tools like Anaconda, pyenv and pipenv are also available to manage virtual environments.
In conclusion, installing Python 3.7 on CentOS is a straightforward process, and once it's done, you can take advantage of the latest features and improvements in the Python language, as well as a wide range of packages available through pip. Using virtual environments allows you to keep your projects organized and isolated from one another, making it easier to manage dependencies and avoid conflicts.
Popular questions
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How do I update my system before installing Python 3.7 on CentOS?
Answer: The first step in installing Python 3.7 on CentOS is to update the system. This can be done by running the following command:sudo yum update. -
What command do I use to install the development tools necessary for building and compiling software on my system?
Answer: To install the development tools necessary for building and compiling software on your system, you can run the following command:sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools". -
What command do I use to download the source code for Python 3.7?
Answer: To download the source code for Python 3.7, you can run the following command:curl -O https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz. -
What command do I use to build and install Python 3.7 after downloading and extracting the source code?
Answer: To build and install Python 3.7 after downloading and extracting the source code, navigate to the Python-3.7.0 directory and run the following commands:./configure,make,sudo make install. -
How do I verify that Python 3.7 is installed correctly on my CentOS system?
Answer: To verify that Python 3.7 is installed correctly on your CentOS system, you can run the following command:python3.7 --version. This command should return the version of Python that was just installed (3.7.0 in this example).
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Python
